Correct Structure Of Business Letters Commerce Essay

Correct Structure Of Business Letters Commerce Essay Few business transactions are carried through successfully without correspondence at some point. Enquires must be answered, quotation given, order placed, complains dealt with, transport and insurance arranged and account settled. Letters must be written to customers, salesmen, agents, suppliers, bankers, shipowners and many others; they cover every conceivable phase of business activity. They are the firms silent salesmen and, often enough, represent its only contact with the outside world. Hence the need to create a good impression, not only of the writers firm, but also of the writer himself as an efficient person eager to be of service. In our Business courses that follow are to be found over hundred specimen letters dealing with a comprehensive range of transactions of the kind handled in business every day. They are presented, not as models to be copied, for no two business situations are ever quite alike, but rather as examples written in the modern English style to illustrate the accepted principles of good business writing. For those wishing to use the collection as business tool, consisting of headings under which letter are classified and grouped according to subject matter, supplies a convenient and useful source of reference. Every business letter is written to a purpose; each has its own special aim, and one of the features of this course is its use of explanation to show how the various letters set out to achieve their aims. Basic legal principles relevant to different types of transaction are also touched upon, but only where there is a need to clarify legal relationships. The exercises the means for students to apply in practice what they have been taught. The many letters included are written in straightforward and meaningful style of the modern age and should be of special help to the overseas user, and especially to students from Raffles College where commercial correspondence is taught either as a general business accomplishment or as a preparation for the various examinations. Business letter/e-mail writing Structure of The business letter Letter promoting good will Enquires and replies Quotations, estimates and tenders Sales letters and voluntary offers Orders and their fulfillment Complaints and adjustments Invoicing and settlement of accounts Letters requesting payment Credit and status enquires Agencies Foreign trade Banking (1) home business Banking(2) payment in foreign trade Transport (1) road and rail Transport (2) sea and air Insurance Personnel Travel and hotels Miscellaneous correspondence A typical business transaction Essential Qualities The business letter is the principal means used by a business firm to keep in touch with its customers; often enough it is the only one customers form their impression of the firm from the tone and quality of letters it sends out. Good quality paper and an attractive letter head play their part in this, but they are less important than the message they carry, but it does require us to express ourselves accurately in plain language that is clear and readily understood. Writing plainly does not mean that letters must be confined to a mere recital of facts, in a style that is dull and anattractive. When we write a letter we enter into a personal relationship with our reader. Like us he has feelings and we cannot afford to disregard them. This is a necessary reminder because many people who are warmand friendly by nature become persons of quite another sort when they sit down to write or dictate a business letter. They seem to think that business letter call for a special kind of Business English. They forget that they are holding conversations by post and make use of impersonal constructions that produce a cold and aloof tone. They prefer to write your letter has been received rather than the warmer and homelier I have received your letter, and your complaint is being looked into rather than I am looking into your complaint. They often refer to themselves as the writer and say. The writer visited your showrooms, when they should say I visited your sh owrooms. Personal constructions, with the emphasis on YOU and I or WE, help to produce the warm and friendly tone more suited to letter writing. The whole secret of good business letter writing is to write simply, in an easy and natural way like one friendly human being talking to another. Make your letter or e-mail, then sound as much as possible like good conversation. You wouldnt say on the phone It is regretted that the goods cannot be delivered today. You would say I am sorry we cannot deliver the goods today, so why not say it when you write a letter? SOME RULES OF GOOD WRITING 1- Think first of the reader and address yourself to his interests. Tell him all he wants to know and dont leave him to guess between the lines 2-Adopt a tone suited to the occasion and purpose of the letter 3- Write naturally, as you would talk, using plain and familiar words 4- Write clearly and to the point. The dominant need in all business writing is exactness expressed in language that is absolutely clear 5-Write courteously and make your letter sound friendly and sincere 6- Avoid wordiness, but at the same time remember that it is more important to be clear and courteous even if it means using more words 7- Avoid commercial jargon with its roundabout and meaningless forms of expression 8- Write effectively by using simple language, by being consistent and precise 9- Avoid monotony by introducing variety 10- Write to a plan if your letter is long or especially important 11- Pay special attention to the opening and closing paragraphs first and last impressions leave a special mark on the reader 12- Check your letter or e-mail All these are matters of importance and we shall now take a closer look at each one of them. Study your readers interests The letters you send out must create a good first impression.To achieve this,put yourself in your readers shoes and try to image how he will feel about what you write.Ask yourself constantly ,what are his needs,his wishes,his interests,his problems,and how can I meet them?;What would be my own feelings if I were to receive a letter of kind I propose to write? Try to image that you are receiving rather than sending the letter and emphasize the you attitude rather than the I or We. Adopt the right tone If a letter is to achieve its purpose,its tone must be right.Before beginning to write think carefully about the way in which you want to influence your reader.Ask yourself,what do I want this letter to do?and then express yourself accordingly,being persuasive,apologetic,obliging,firm and so on,depending on the effect you want to produce. Write naturally and sincerely When you sit down to write or dictate a letter,try to feel a genuine interest in the person you are writing to and in his problems.Say what you have to say with sincerity and make sure that it sounds sincere.Express your thoughts in your own words and in your own way.Be yourself.Write so that what you say would sound natural if read over the telephone.

Creative writing – The assassin

Alison Cazer was looking out of the window thinking about the day ahead. Alison was a fashion designer and had her own business in London. She heard a noise and turned round to see her friend Lucy waiting in her office. Alison was so excited to see her; she wanted to tell her about all the brilliant things that had been planned for her today. She told Lucy about the good news; the meeting with Jacques Lording – the owner of Elicit a local rival company. ‘ I can't believe he rang me and asked to know more information about my products – I'm astounded. I mean why would he want to know more about my products, maybe he is thinking to merge with me. That would be brilliant because then together we would be bigger than Chars and hopefully that would put them out of business. Alison was going to meet Jacques in a large Victorian house in a little village called Axton. It was a little different than she expected but he said it was because he wanted a low-key meeting with no press watching their backs. Phil Cichloid was the assassin. He was a butler at the nearby Victorian house though this was just a cover up and had been given a contract by the director of a Chars. The plan was to kill Alison so then there will be no rival company for Chars to compete with because Alison put all the money in to the business, therefore Chars would make much more money. The director of Chars had been given a tip off about the merger and had to take action, the only way to do this was to kill Alison. It was the assassin's first killing but he still remained calm and very professional. The assassin was told to target Alison because she owned a rival business and was also thought of as rich and selfish by lots of jealous people as well as the director of chars. The assassin knew the time and location of when he was going to strike as he was told by the director who knew everything. The director was definitely right in one sense – yes she was rich, but not at all selfish. In fact she was totally opposite. She was a caring, bubbly, and down to earth girl. The house at which Alison was going to meet the manager was quite posh. Though from the outside it looked very dull and isolated this was on purpose, it is so nobody even thought the meeting would take place in a scruffy house therefore no press would be there. The bricks were grey and the windows black with dust. It was raining outside; the ivy on the wall made anyone who came near the house feel trapped and lonely but inside it was totally opposite. It was bright and warm. There was a barn besides the house. The debris of brick from the barn made the field besides the house look like a graveyard. The assassin was lying low behind the house on a hill, known to the locals as death hill because it was so steep you could hardly walk up it and anybody who got to the top would be almost dead. The assassin knew she would be surrounded by bodyguards, which is why he got so high up on the top of death hill. He also knew the boss of elicit would arrive soon after Alison so he had to be quick. Nobody could see the assassin but he could see his target perfectly well. He got into his position on the top of the hill he heard a car behind him. His rifle was a 1987pg with a range of 100m plenty far enough to reach Alison. He lifted his rifle in wait of the car coming up the drive, with excitement rushing around his body; he was disappointed when the car carried on straight down the lane. The assassin again heard a car this time he new it was Alison he could tell, you could see the 2 rings on her left hand reflecting the light and also the car had another 2 people in, he could only guess these were the bodyguards. He got his rifle ready and was now ready to strike. Alison turned up the drive and started driving up the long, winding, dislodged driveway. She heard a scrape; she got out of the car and saw a massive scratch on the back of her Lotus Elise. She was thinking about turning around- how could the boss of elicit see her car in such a state the only thing that changed her mind was the thought of been late for the boss, that was the last thing she wanted to do so she decided to carry on down the lane. The assassin at this stage was very calm, as though he was doing this as an honour. He was getting a bit frustrated, as this job was taking longer than expected and wanted to get onto his next job. He could see Alison coming now and got into his final position. She thought she had come to the wrong place, she had expected something more like Buckingham Palace, she knew there was something wrong but she carried on down the lane. She was about to turn the car around when her bodyguards saw a light coming from inside the house, somebody must be in she thought and went to investigate with the help of the bodyguards. She got out of the car and was just about to knock on the door when she remembered something; she had forgot to lock the door. ‘How stupid of me she thought, why didn't I lock it in the first place'. Alison locked the car door and looked around astounded at the dullness of the house and its surroundings – did the boss really want to meet her here? It started raining heavy so she put her hood up, this blocked her view of what was going on around her. Her bodyguards noticed something in the bush to the side of her and left her on her own while they went to investigate. She was just about to knock on the door. Before she could hear it she had already felt it, right through her stomach. She tried to scream but no sound would come out of her mouth. She tried to get her mobile but she couldn't move. She felt helpless and knew secretly that her world was coming to an end. The bodyguards rushed to her but knew there was nothing they could do, one went to get help and the other was trying to comfort her. There was no signal on her mobile phone and they couldn't get in the house. She grabbed her stomach in hope that in some miracle way it may stop the bleeding and she may have a chance to survive even though she knew she had no chance. Her trousers were wet with blood; she didn't dare look down frightened at what she may see. She was finding it hard to breath now, she tried to look around to see who had done this terrible thing to her but she couldn't see more than a metre. She dropped to the ground, the bodyguard tried to help her but there was nothing he could do, the pain was unbearable now; she knew she had to fight the pain or lose everything she had, her wonderful family and friends. She again tried to move but the pain was holding her back like some sort of barrier. She started to feel dizzy, she took one last look at her hand and fell to the ground with the rain pouring on her and blood slowly surrounding her body as the bodyguard went in search of the person who had done this. The assassin smirked, he moved quickly packing his things together as fast as he could. He ran to the car making sure he destroyed every bit of evidence he had made. He was unruffled, calm, cold and motionless. His car was on the other side of the hill so nobody noticed he was there, he made sure that he had got everything and set off down the drive. He took one last look behind him to check that Alison was dead and that his job had been done properly and made his way to his next job leaving Alison to die in her own pool of blood.

Essay on James Baldwin - 1907 Words

Gage Krakower History 228: African American History Dr. Jennifer Oast MWF 2:00-2:50 February 10, 2012 James A. Baldwin James A. Baldwin, a homosexual African-American novelist, was once quoted saying that the most dangerous creation of any society is the man who has nothing to lose. What it means is that society’s chief concern should be a person who has absolutely nothing to lose by always sticking to their beliefs, yet everything to gain. James Baldwin embodies that quote to the absolute fullest. Not only did he push the boundaries with his works in novels and articles on racial and sexual matters, but he also was a key component in the civil rights movement and that’s why James Baldwin was important in†¦show more content†¦The novel resembles Baldwin’s childhood a lot based on the fact that the novels central theme is about a young man named John Grimes who is the innocent victim of his father, a religious man steeped in disgust and narrowness. It relates to Baldwin’s childhood because he was the innocent victim of a father whom was religious and had a lot of hatred as well. It’s a milestone in the development of American literature because it is the first novel and/or short story about Negroes to be written from a non-racial point of view. Shortly after publishing his first novel, Baldwin would go on to receive a Guggenheim fellowship. In 1956 he would publish his second novel Giovanni’s Room. Giovanni’s Room fired up a lot of controversy because of the explicit amount of homoerotic content. It also was controversial because he explored interracial relationships, a very touchy topic at the time. â€Å"The plot of the novel itself stems from Baldwin’s analysis of the nature and character of homosexuality.† Also, Baldwin was able to connect with a wider audience because too much of the public’s surprise Giovanni’s Room was primarily about white people, not African-Americans. He was also making references to himself in this novel because the main character was living in Paris. Baldwin’s next two novels, Another Country and Tell Me How Long the Train’s BeenShow MoreRelatedSonny s Blues By James Baldwin827 Words   |  4 PagesSonny’s Blues In James Baldwin’s â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† it is only when a brother loses his child that he realizes how easy it can be to lose his brother. The narrator’s little brother, Sonny, was left in his charge when their parents passed away. He neglects Sonny and leaves him to work through hard decisions on his own which leads to Sonny being picked up by the police for using and selling drugs. When the narrator’s daughter, Grace, passes he sees how suffering can affect people and reaches outRead MoreGiovanni s Room By James Baldwin1723 Words   |  7 PagesThe two novels Giovanni’s Room by James Baldwin published in 1956 and Price of Salt by Patricia Highsmith published in 1956 share the interest of both the main characters having trouble publicizing their sexual orientation due to the way society would view them. There location of living have a big impact on their actions of expressing their sexuality towards other people or themselves. During the 1950’s, homosexual activity was prohibited. People who were found having an affair with the same sexRead MoreEssay on Sonnys Blues by James Baldwin1316 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Sonny’s Blues† revolves around the narrator as he learns who his drug-hooked, piano-playing baby brother, Sonny, really is. The author, James Baldwin, paints views on racism, misery and art and suffering in this story. His written canvas portrays a dark and continual scene pertaining to each topic. As the story unfolds, similarities in each generation can be observed. The two African American brothers share a life similar to that of their father and his brother. The father’s brother had a thirstRead MoreExpectations in Sonnys Blues, by James Baldwin Essay1277 Words   |  6 Pagesa grim existence beneath the dispassionate stare of narrow-minded bigots. Soon, the Civil Rights Movement would gain momentum and drastically alter such social exclusion, but James Baldwin writes his story â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† before this transformation has occurred. In the style of other Post-Modernist writers of his day, Baldwin invents two brothers, Sonny and the narrator, who seem to have given up on finding meaning in their lives: escape, not purpose, is the solution for suffering. 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Although he was poor, it did not stop James Baldwin from becoming a successful author that wrote about his experiences of being homosexual and African American in a troubled society. In Baldwin’s early life, he had to work hard andRead MoreLight and Dark in the Book Sonny’s Blues by James Baldwin Essay788 Words   |  4 PagesIn James Baldwin’s short story, â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† there is a constant contrast between light and dark. Baldwin uses this theme to highlight the struggles that the Narrator and his younger brother, Sonny, both face. Light represents all of the positive aspects of life. Meanwhile, the darkness represents the constant struggle that threatens the characters in the story. Light and dark has a presence in both characters. The narrator lives his life in the â€Å"light†. He is a teacher, middleclass man, a manRead MoreJames Baldwin738 Words   |  3 PagesQuestions on A Talk to Teachers by James Baldwin 1. In the opening paragraph, Baldwin establishes his ethos by connecting himself to his audience as a fellow citizen and fellow American, someone who loves his country and wants it to be whole and healthy. Though he identifies the chief fear of his audience as the fear of Communist, he proposes that the ore fearful aspect of American society of the early 1960s is the â€Å"bad faith and cruelty† of generations. Baldwin builds credibility with his audienceRead MoreSonny s Blues By James Baldwin2300 Words   |  10 PagesIn the short story â€Å"Sonny’s Blues†, by James Baldwin there is the notion or a reoccurring theme of a conflict between light and dark between the characters. The notion is carried throughout the story of two brothers finding their own lights and trying to work towards a greater life. In the late 50’s, after the Harlem Renaissance, adolescents are faced with drug sales everywhere and crime sprees around every corner, this is one examp le of the darkness in the story. Kids began to form bad habits thatRead More James Baldwin Essay1485 Words   |  6 Pages For The World to See James Baldwin was a man who wrote an exceptional amount of essays. He enticed audiences differing in race, sexuality, ethnic background, government preference and so much more. Each piece is a circulation of emotions and a teeter-totter on where he balances personal experiences and worldly events to the way you feel. Not only did he have the ability to catch readers’ attention through writing, but he also appeared on television a few times. Boston’s

When Humans Impose on the Environment, Expect Negative...

Before the use of technology, humans had to solely rely on the environment to fulfill their daily needs. Humans respected, and even feared nature for its destructive capabilities. Before the use of technology, humans were connected with nature at an almost spiritual level. They knew how to use the environment and sustain it at the same time. Before technology, there was a natural balance between nature and humans. Unfortunately, as humans developed by advancing in industry and technology, a lot of the respect and fear once held for nature was lost, which lead to an increase in the occurrences of environmental problems. The more humans used technology, the more they imposed themselves on the environment, and the more their connection with†¦show more content†¦Towards the beginning of the article Zimmerman states: Killer whales have been starring at marine parks since 1965. There are 42 alive in parks around the world today- SeaWorld owns 26 of them- and over the years more than 130 have died in captivity. Until the 1960’s, no one really thought about putting a killer whale in an aquarium, much less in a show. The public knew little about them beyond the fact that they sounded dangerous. (331) Zimmerman provides an excellent example of humans imposing on the environment and losing respect for nature. As different types of entertainment developed over the years, humans decided it would be a good idea to take killer whales from their natural habitats and use them for entertainment purposes. In nature, every organism is connected in some way. When the whales were taken from their natural habitats, part of that connection with other organisms was lost. As society developed different forms of entertainment, the respect for killer whales, and nature in general, was lost. 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